What condition does a properly functioning steam trap help prevent in a steam system?

A properly functioning steam trap is critical for the effective operation of a steam system, primarily because it prevents water hammer. Water hammer occurs when condensate (water) accumulates in the steam pipes, causing a sudden pressure wave when steam forces the trapped water to move abruptly. This can lead to damaging impacts in the piping system, including noise, vibration, and possible mechanical failure. Therefore, steam traps are designed to discharge condensate and non-condensable gases without letting steam escape. This allows for smooth steam flow and minimizes the risk of water hammer, ensuring the system operates efficiently and safely.

The other options describe potential issues in a steam system but are not directly addressed by the function of a steam trap. Insufficient steam generation, excessive fuel consumption, and high emissions may relate to other components and operational efficiencies in a boiler system but are not the primary concerns that a properly functioning steam trap helps to mitigate.